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The () is a grammatical article in English, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under give-and-take, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. Information technology is the definite commodity in English. The is the nearly frequently used word in the English linguistic communication; studies and analyses of texts accept found information technology to account for 7 percent of all printed English-linguistic communication words.[one] Information technology is derived from gendered articles in Onetime English language which combined in Middle English language and at present has a single class used with pronouns of any gender.[a] The word can be used with both singular and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter of the alphabet. This is dissimilar from many other languages, which have dissimilar forms of the definite article for different genders or numbers.
Pronunciation
In well-nigh dialects, "the" is pronounced as /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant audio, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel audio or used as an emphatic course.[2]
Modernistic American and New Zealand English have an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, even before a vowel.[3] [4]
Sometimes the word "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", non only "an" proficient in a field.
Adverbial
Definite article principles in English are described under "Use of articles". The, as in phrases like "the more the better", has a distinct origin and etymology and by chance has evolved to be identical to the definite article.[5]
Article
The and that are common developments from the same Old English system. Old English language had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Middle English, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modernistic English word the.[6]
Geographic usage
An area in which the use or not-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:
- notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, isle groups (archipelagoes) and then on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Bounding main, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
- continents, private islands, administrative units and settlements mostly do not take a "the" commodity (Europe, Jura, Austria (simply the Democracy of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (but the County of York), Madrid).
- first with a common noun followed past of may take the commodity, as in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Island), aforementioned applies to names of institutions: Cambridge Academy, but the University of Cambridge.
- Some place names include an article, such every bit the Bronx, The Oaks, The Stone, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Hamlet (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Hamlet at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West End, the East End, The Hague, or the City of London (but London). Formerly east.yard. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.[seven]
- generally described atypical names, the Northward Island (New Zealand) or the West State (England), have an article.
Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, almost exclude "the" just in that location are some that attach to secondary rules:
- derivations from collective common nouns such every bit "kingdom", "republic", "matrimony", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United states, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, the United Arab Emirates, including about country full names:[viii] [nine] the Czechia (simply Czechia), the Russia (only Russia), the Principality of Monaco (simply Monaco), the Land of Israel (but State of israel) and the Commonwealth of Commonwealth of australia (only Australia).[10] [eleven] [12]
- countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahama islands.
- Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that hold administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – do not have a "the" definite article.
- derivations from mount ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).[13] This usage is in reject, Republic of the gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentine republic is considered old-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was common during the 20th Century, mayhap originating with Ukrainian immigrant scholars not fluent in English language referring to the country as so.[14] Sudan (simply the Republic of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Democracy of S Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.
Abbreviations
Since "the" is one of the most ofttimes used words in English, at various times short abbreviations for information technology have been establish:
- Barred thorn: the earliest abridgement, it is used in manuscripts in the One-time English language. Information technology is the alphabetic character þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and it represents the word þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
- þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Middle English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
- yͤ and yͭ are developed from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modernistic manuscripts and in print (see Ye form).
Occasional proposals accept been fabricated past individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to stand for "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.[15]
In Middle English, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a small east higher up it, similar to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a small t in a higher place it. During the latter Middle English language and Early Modernistic English periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its mutual script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. Every bit a result, the use of a y with an due east above it () every bit an abbreviation became common. This can still exist seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the King James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans 15:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the article was never pronounced with a y sound, even when so written.
The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abridgement in Commonwealth countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in e.grand. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", brusk for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".[16]
References
- ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Alphabetic character Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
- ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Lexicon.
- ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Class in Phonetics (6th ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
- ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 44.
- ^ "the, adv.one." OED Online. Oxford Academy Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
- ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Lexicon . Retrieved 18 June 2015.
- ^ "Why is information technology called The Hague?".
- ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to use".
- ^ "FAO State Profiles". www.fao.org.
- ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
- ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
- ^ "UNGEGN Globe Geographical Names".
- ^ Swan, Michael How English Works, p. 25
- ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
- ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
- ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Address, 21st ed., pp. 8–nine. A & C Black, London, 2002.
Notes
- ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The
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